100 Biology GK Questions and Answers

100 Biology GK Questions and Answers

Test your knowledge with these 100 biology general knowledge questions covering various topics from botany to zoology. These one-liner questions are perfect for students, quiz enthusiasts, and competitive exam preparation. Each question is followed by its answer to help you learn and verify your knowledge.

1. What is the study of plants called?

Answer: Botany

2. Who is known as the father of biology?

Answer: Aristotle

3. What is the powerhouse of the cell?

Answer: Mitochondria

4. Which gas do plants absorb during photosynthesis?

Answer: Carbon dioxide (CO₂)

5. What is the largest organ of the human body?

Answer: Skin

6. How many bones are there in the adult human body?

Answer: 206

7. What is the scientific study of animals called?

Answer: Zoology

8. Which blood cells are responsible for fighting infections?

Answer: White blood cells (Leukocytes)

9. What is the process of cell division called?

Answer: Mitosis

10. Which vitamin is produced when the human body is exposed to sunlight?

Answer: Vitamin D

11. What is the main component of the cell wall in plants?

Answer: Cellulose

12. Which part of the brain controls balance and coordination?

Answer: Cerebellum

13. What is the longest bone in the human body?

Answer: Femur (thigh bone)

14. Which pigment gives leaves their green color?

Answer: Chlorophyll

15. What is the study of fungi called?

Answer: Mycology

16. How many chambers does the human heart have?

Answer: 4 (two atria and two ventricles)

17. Which organ produces insulin in the human body?

Answer: Pancreas

18. What is the smallest bone in the human body?

Answer: Stapes (in the ear)

19. Which gas do plants release during photosynthesis?

Answer: Oxygen (O₂)

20. What is the scientific name for humans?

Answer: Homo sapiens

21. Which blood type is known as the universal donor?

Answer: O negative

22. What is the largest gland in the human body?

Answer: Liver

23. Which part of the eye controls the amount of light entering?

Answer: Iris

24. What is the process by which plants lose water through leaves?

Answer: Transpiration

25. How many pairs of chromosomes do humans have?

Answer: 23

26. Which vitamin is essential for blood clotting?

Answer: Vitamin K

27. What is the hardest substance in the human body?

Answer: Tooth enamel

28. Which organ is responsible for filtering blood in the human body?

Answer: Kidneys

29. What is the largest flower in the world?

Answer: Rafflesia arnoldii

30. Which part of the plant absorbs water and minerals from the soil?

Answer: Roots

31. What is the study of cells called?

Answer: Cytology

32. Which blood vessels carry blood away from the heart?

Answer: Arteries

33. What is the largest mammal in the world?

Answer: Blue whale

34. Which vitamin is also known as ascorbic acid?

Answer: Vitamin C

35. What is the functional unit of the kidney?

Answer: Nephron

36. Which gas do humans exhale during respiration?

Answer: Carbon dioxide (CO₂)

37. What is the study of birds called?

Answer: Ornithology

38. Which part of the brain controls breathing and heart rate?

Answer: Medulla oblongata

39. What is the largest part of the human brain?

Answer: Cerebrum

40. Which plant hormone promotes growth and elongation of cells?

Answer: Auxin

41. What is the process of conversion of light energy to chemical energy in plants called?

Answer: Photosynthesis

42. Which organ produces bile in the human body?

Answer: Liver

43. What is the study of fossils called?

Answer: Paleontology

44. Which blood vessels have valves to prevent backflow of blood?

Answer: Veins

45. What is the smallest unit of life?

Answer: Cell

46. Which part of the flower produces pollen?

Answer: Anther

47. What is the study of insects called?

Answer: Entomology

48. Which vitamin deficiency causes scurvy?

Answer: Vitamin C

49. What is the process of shedding old skin in reptiles called?

Answer: Molting

50. Which organ produces eggs in female humans?

Answer: Ovaries

51. What is the study of fish called?

Answer: Ichthyology

52. Which part of the plant conducts photosynthesis?

Answer: Leaves

53. What is the largest bird in the world?

Answer: Ostrich

54. Which vitamin is essential for good vision?

Answer: Vitamin A

55. What is the study of heredity called?

Answer: Genetics

56. Which organ produces sperm in male humans?

Answer: Testes

57. What is the process of conversion of food into energy called?

Answer: Cellular respiration

58. Which part of the cell contains genetic material?

Answer: Nucleus

59. What is the study of viruses called?

Answer: Virology

60. Which blood cells carry oxygen in the human body?

Answer: Red blood cells (Erythrocytes)

61. What is the largest land animal?

Answer: African elephant

62. Which part of the plant develops into a fruit?

Answer: Ovary

63. What is the study of animal behavior called?

Answer: Ethology

64. Which vitamin deficiency causes rickets?

Answer: Vitamin D

65. What is the process of formation of new species called?

Answer: Speciation

66. Which organ stores urine before excretion?

Answer: Urinary bladder

67. What is the study of tissues called?

Answer: Histology

68. Which part of the cell is called the protein factory?

Answer: Ribosomes

69. What is the largest internal organ in the human body?

Answer: Liver

70. Which plant is known as the "terror of Bengal"?

Answer: Water hyacinth

71. What is the study of algae called?

Answer: Phycology

72. Which part of the human eye contains light-sensitive cells?

Answer: Retina

73. What is the process of conversion of ammonia to urea called?

Answer: Ornithine cycle

74. Which gland is known as the master gland?

Answer: Pituitary gland

75. What is the study of bacteria called?

Answer: Bacteriology

76. Which part of the plant transports water and minerals?

Answer: Xylem

77. What is the fastest land animal?

Answer: Cheetah

78. Which vitamin is also known as tocopherol?

Answer: Vitamin E

79. What is the process of formation of gametes called?

Answer: Gametogenesis

80. Which organ produces tears?

Answer: Lacrimal glands

81. What is the study of snakes called?

Answer: Serpentology

82. Which part of the plant transports food?

Answer: Phloem

83. What is the tallest tree in the world?

Answer: Coast redwood (Sequoia sempervirens)

84. Which vitamin deficiency causes beriberi?

Answer: Vitamin B1 (Thiamine)

85. What is the process of cell division that produces gametes called?

Answer: Meiosis

86. Which organ produces adrenaline?

Answer: Adrenal glands

87. What is the study of the immune system called?

Answer: Immunology

88. Which part of the cell is called the suicide bag?

Answer: Lysosome

89. What is the largest living structure on Earth?

Answer: Great Barrier Reef

90. Which plant hormone promotes fruit ripening?

Answer: Ethylene

91. What is the study of the structure of organisms called?

Answer: Morphology

92. Which part of the human ear maintains balance?

Answer: Semicircular canals

93. What is the process of conversion of light stimulus to nerve impulse called?

Answer: Phototransduction

94. Which gland regulates metabolism in the human body?

Answer: Thyroid gland

95. What is the study of the nervous system called?

Answer: Neurology

96. Which part of the cell is called the packaging center?

Answer: Golgi apparatus

97. What is the largest species of shark?

Answer: Whale shark

98. Which vitamin is also known as niacin?

Answer: Vitamin B3

99. What is the process of conversion of RNA to protein called?

Answer: Translation

100. Which organ produces melatonin?

Answer: Pineal gland

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